MEGA SAMPLES VOL-82: Unleash Your Creativity with This Diverse and Dynamic Sound Pack
- brynnefrend5090ih
- Aug 15, 2023
- 4 min read
No matter your preferred genres or taste, this collection has plenty to get excited about! With samples covering Dubstep, Hardstyle, Lofi, Synthwave, G House, Bass House, Trap, Electro, and much, much more, there's truly something for everyone! We've included a wide range of Drums, FX, Synths, Vocals, Basses, and countless other sounds to make an impact on your collection.
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MEGA SAMPLES VOL-82
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Copy number variation. First, we tested samples from 2270 consecutive MEGA subjects (1395 patients and 875 controls). An abnormal MLPA pattern was detected in only 1 individual. This individual was a 66-year-old, female patient not using estrogens or vitamin K antagonists at the moment of thrombosis or sample collection. She had an unprovoked first venous thrombosis. Her family history was not available. The patient was heterozygous for a complete deletion of PROS1. Her total protein S was 64 U/dL (
Restriction analysis of PCR products directly amplified from clinical samples: PCR amplifications of SAG3 marker (A), GRA6 marker (B), and BTUB marker (C). Lane PM = 100-basepair (bp) DNA ladder (Amersham, Buckinghamshire, UK); lane ND = undigested PCR product; lanes RH, PRU, and NED = digested PCR products representative of T. gondii strain types I, II, and III, respectively; lane T = negative control; lanes 1, 5, 9, and 12 = digested PCR products of positive samples AF 06/06, AF 26/04, PL 05/06, and PL 04/06 genotyped as type I, type I/III, type I/II, and mix of strains, respectively. Note that the last two specimens produce a complex digestion pattern with GRA6 and SAG3, respectively.
Here, we determined the Toxoplasma gondii genotype in amniotic fluid, placenta, and cerebrospinal fluid samples from 14 congenital toxoplasmosis cases in Tunisia, North Africa. Direct genotypic characterization of T. gondii strains was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of six genetic markers (3'SAG2, 5' SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, and APICO) and thereafter, was analyzed by restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP). Samples were sequenced to resolve strain type whenever there were unclear enzyme digestion results. Multilocus analysis revealed that only one specimen harbored the type I allele in all studied loci, whereas the 13 others gave mixed genotype results with different alleles at different markers. Seven specimens produced RFLP profile of the recombinant strains I/III, and three produced a profile of I/II recombinant strains. The last three specimens produced complex digestion patterns. In these cases, sequence analysis revealed double peaks at known polymorphic sites, indicating the presence of multiple alleles.
Among the various markers used for Toxoplasma genotyping, the SAG2 marker provides accurate genotyping for most strains within the clonal lineages. However, it cannot detect recombinant strains or those with unusual genotypes.13 This problem can be alleviated by multilocus analysis of T. gondii strains with multiple markers. Furthermore, multilocus nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) analysis can detect as few as five parasite genomes and thus, is applicable to low-volume samples containing few parasites, which is typical of clinical specimens.14
Small amount or no amplification products were observed after the first step of amplification because of the low amount of parasite DNA present in clinical samples (data not shown). After the second round of amplification, positive amplicons were obtained for all samples with SAG2 (3' and 5'), GRA6, and APICO PCRs. Only 13 and 8 samples were amplified using SAG3 and BTUB markers, respectively (Table 3). Negative controls remained free of amplified products.
Very few studies concerning genotypic characterization of Toxoplasma strains associated with human toxoplasmosis in Africa have been reported. Two studies genotyped the SAG2 locus and were performed on samples from Ugandan human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients and Egyptian female patients with abortion and intrauterine fetal death, respectively.12,19 Both reported the predominance of genotype II. Using the same marker, all Tunisian samples were classified as SAG2 type I. Similar results were mentioned in some Mediterranean countries, such as Spain, where strains possessing the type I allele at the SAG2 locus were found in 6 of 13 cases of congenital infection.20 However, this marker is not able to detect recombinant or exotic strains, causing misclassification of them as genotype I.
Perhaps, the most significant finding of our present work compared with previously published data is the high frequency of apparent concomitant infection in clinical samples. Mixed infection with T. gondii strains has been previously reported in England and Wales.24 This finding was explained by the ingestion of more than one type of parasite in food products containing meat originating from multiple animals.25 However, the high proportion of mixed infections shown in African isolates from free-ranging chickens underlines the high frequency in this part of the world of sequential infections with parasites of different types acquired as oocysts directly from the environment.22 It also suggests that intermediate hosts are infected with more than one strain. Congenital toxoplasmosis is, in most cases, the result of a primary infection acquired by an immunologically naïve patient during pregnancy.5 It seems that we can exclude sequential infection as an explanation for the presence of different genotypes in a significant number of patients. Similarly, it is hard to explain the observed frequency of mixed infections as a consequence of exposure to mixed oocysts.26 The possible mechanism leading to the observed mixed infection is the ingestion of tissue cysts from infected meat.27 Mutton is the meat most commonly incriminated in the transmission of toxoplasmosis in Tunisia, and it could be seen as a real source of contamination.28 Genotypic characterization of T. gondii in sheep in Tunisia could help to establish correlation between mixed infections in humans in Tunisia and contaminated mutton.
The Dreams teaser pack consists of 25+ carefully selected samples such as drum loops, one shots, and melodic stems from arguably our best vintage production suite.Unfortunately the complete version of Dreams is no longer available for purchase as all the licences available have sold out, however, you can still get its tiny brother! 2ff7e9595c
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